Crafting Authentic and Dynamic Female Characters in Historical Fiction

Character development

In the world of historical fiction, the portrayal of characters is a captivating art form. Historical figures, just like people today. So based on the condition that this holds true for both men and women, authors need to build intricate layers of complexity, encompassing their thoughts, emotions, desires, and beliefs.

However, the first thing to remember when it comes to creating strong and compelling female characters in historical fiction is that writers, regardless of their gender, often find it difficult to depict characters of the opposite sex with authenticity and nuance. But, don’t let this put you off. Men can write with authenticity about women and women can write authentically about men. To truly bring historical female characters to life, it is essential to delve deep into their psyche and imbue them with the richness and depth they deserve. This blog post aims to explore effective techniques for developing multidimensional and well-rounded female characters within the historical fiction genre.

One crucial aspect of character development is ensuring that your characters possess the same level of complexity as people in contemporary society. They should think, feel, and possess a compelling backstory, desires, and beliefs. By doing so, readers can relate to them on a profound and genuine level, transcending the barriers of time and culture.

The Big Five – Writing Strong Female Characters

Category:Big five personality traits - Wikimedia Commons

As you embark on the journey of crafting authentic female characters, consider examining where they stand on the Big Five Personality Traits – a model widely used in psychology to assess human personality. These traits include:

  1. Openness: How receptive is your character to new experiences, ideas, and perspectives? Are they curious and intellectually adventurous? Weaving these traits into their narrative can make them relatable and engaging.
  2. Conscientiousness: Does your character display traits of being organized, responsible, and self-disciplined? Are they meticulous in their actions and possess a strong sense of duty? Exploring the impact of conscientiousness on their decisions and interactions can add depth to their portrayal.
  3. Extraversion: Is your character outgoing, sociable, and energized by social interactions? Or do they lean towards introversion, finding solace in introspection and personal reflection? By understanding their position on this spectrum, you can create realistic dynamics within their relationships and social environments.
  4. Agreeableness: How compassionate, cooperative, and empathetic is your character? Are they inclined towards altruism and forming harmonious connections with others? Delving into their agreeableness can reveal their motivations, conflicts, and potential for growth.
  5. Neuroticism: Does your character experience emotional instability, anxiety, or mood swings? Alternatively, are they characterized by emotional stability and resilience? Exploring their emotional landscape can provide a profound insight into their reactions to adversity and their overall character development.

By thoughtfully considering these personality traits, you can infuse your historical female characters with authenticity, allowing them to resonate with readers on a deep and meaningful level. Remember, just as people today, historical figures deserve to be portrayed as complex individuals with their own hopes, fears, and aspirations.

On the whole, it must be said that writing historical fiction is an opportunity to breathe life into the past, bridging the gap between eras and cultures. By creating compelling and well-rounded female characters, you can offer readers a captivating journey through time while showcasing the strength, resilience, and complexity of women throughout history. So, embrace the challenge, dive into research, and let your characters shine as vibrant testaments to the enduring spirit of humanity.

Where would your characters fit in the Myres Briggs range of personality types?

Authenticity in Fiction & Realistic Portrayals

As an author venturing into the realm of historical fiction, my goal is to create believable characters that resonate with readers. To achieve this, I strive to develop multi-dimensional and well-rounded individuals who undergo significant growth and transformation throughout the course of the narrative. The challenges they face shape their reactions, choices, and dialogue, ultimately driving the story forward. See also: 10 Things That Turn Characters Bad.

True Essence

To effectively portray characters, it is essential to reveal their true essence to the reader. This requires a deep understanding of the characters themselves, as well as the dynamics at play within their relationships. While the characters may be unaware of certain aspects of their own personalities, the people around them often possess insights that shed light on these hidden traits. As the story unfolds, the characters embark on a journey of self-discovery, unearthing new aspects of themselves that influence their actions and words.

Self-Awareness

To truly show the reader who the characters are, it is crucial for the actors (the characters themselves) to possess self-awareness. They must grapple with their own strengths, weaknesses, desires, and fears, allowing these elements to shape their behaviour and decision-making. By delving into the depths of their psyches, I can present characters that feel authentic and relatable.

Character Arcs

In order to bring these multi-dimensional characters to life, I believe in the power of character arcs. Over the course of the story, the obstacles I place before them serve as catalysts for change. As they confront and overcome these challenges, they evolve and grow, ultimately transforming into individuals with newfound wisdom and resilience. These arcs allow readers to witness the characters’ development and connect with their journey on a profound level.

By staying true to their personalities and giving them room to grow organically, I can craft narratives that resonate with readers, offering a compelling and immersive experience.

Bring the Past to Life

In the realm of historical fiction, the characters become conduits through which the past comes alive. By revealing their complexities, vulnerabilities, and self-discovery, I hope to captivate readers and provide them with a window into the human condition. The journey of self-understanding, both for the characters and the readers, becomes an enthralling exploration of the intricate web of humanity.


Using a Johari Window – Nuanced Character Development

Writing Multidimensional Characters

When it comes to developing authentic and relatable characters in historical fiction, the Johari Window can serve as a valuable tool. This psychological concept illustrates the different aspects of self-awareness and knowledge that characters possess throughout their journey. By understanding this framework, we can effectively showcase character growth and create engaging narratives.

The Open Pane

In the open pane of the Johari Window, we find the aspects known to both the character and others. These elements are the foundation of the character’s personality and are typically evident in their actions, thoughts, and interactions. By establishing this shared knowledge, we provide readers with a clear understanding of the character’s motivations, strengths, and weaknesses.

The Closed Panes

However, there are also aspects known only to the character themselves. These hidden traits, desires, and fears shape the character’s internal world. Exploring these facets of their personality allows for deeper character development and creates opportunities for self-discovery as the story progresses.

Conversely, there are elements known by others but not yet realized by the character. These insights held by secondary characters or even the reader can add depth and complexity to the narrative. They can act as mirrors, reflecting aspects of the character’s personality that they may be blind to, thereby facilitating growth and self-awareness.

Lastly, there are aspects that remain unknown to both the character and others. These represent the mysteries and revelations that the character will encounter on their journey. As they strive to achieve their desires and confront obstacles, they will unravel these hidden aspects, creating a compelling arc of self-discovery and transformation.

Establishing a Profound Desire or Goal

Mystery Man on Film: Character Goals

To give the character a strong starting point, it is essential to establish a profound desire or goal. This driving force will shape their actions and decisions throughout the story. Whether it’s Jane seeking love or Belle yearning for freedom, the character’s pursuit of their heart’s desires becomes a central focus. However, the path they choose and the choices they make are heavily influenced by the groundwork set in their characterization.

Moral Complexity & Personal Growth

Morally Grey Characters in Books // Why do they make such interesting characters+ book recommendations with such characters – BOOKATHON

It is true that contemporary women’s fiction, including historical and modern literary fiction, often features morally complex characters. These complex characters provide an avenue for extraordinary and unexpected actions, adding depth and intrigue to the narrative. However, it is important to remember that moral complexity should be balanced with authenticity and genuine character development. Your character’s choices should stem from their unique motivations and experiences, rather than being contrived for shock value alone.

That doesn’t mean you can’t develop a morally ‘grey’ character. Morally grey or morally ambiguous characters are those who are not like traditional heroes. They do or have done some morally questionable things whose consequences can make for fascinating reading.

By utilizing the Johari Window and understanding the character’s known and unknown aspects, we can delve into their psyche, emotions, and desires. This framework enables us to create characters who undergo transformative journeys, evolving in response to their challenges and self-discovery. Through thoughtful and nuanced storytelling, we can breathe life into historical figures, allowing readers to connect with their struggles, triumphs, and personal growth.


Memorable Female Characters

What sets apart beloved female characters in literature is their ability to overcome the hurdles society and their families place in their paths. By establishing clear goals and presenting formidable opposition, authors can create compelling narratives that resonate with readers. It is important to note that an attractive female character does not necessarily require a “bad-ass” attitude towards the law, but rather a tenacious spirit and the strength to face adversity head-on.

Strong Female Characters

Elizabeth Bennett

Take Elizabeth Bennett from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice as an example. Her goal is to secure a marriage with the richest and most handsome man in town. However, her journey is packed with societal expectations, familial pressures, and her own personal biases. To achieve her goal, Elizabeth must challenge her own preconceived notions and navigate the complexities of relationships, ultimately finding love and happiness on her own terms.

Emma Harte

In Barbara Taylor Bradford’s A Woman of Substance, Emma Harte is driven by the ambition to build a business empire and achieve financial independence. Throughout her romantic ups and downs, she encounters numerous obstacles, including gender bias, societal norms, and personal sacrifices. Emma’s determination and resilience allow her to triumph over adversity, establishing a legacy that transcends societal expectations.

Jo March

Similarly, Louisa May Alcott’s Jo March in Little Women aspires to become a teacher and fulfil her writing ambitions. Jo faces challenges such as societal expectations for women, financial constraints, and personal growth. Through her perseverance and determination, Jo not only becomes a successful writer but also finds fulfilment in her personal life.

What makes these characters so well-loved?

What makes these characters so well-loved is their ability to confront and conquer the obstacles placed before them. Their goals are not easily achieved, requiring them to challenge societal norms, familial expectations, and their own limitations. These characters exhibit resilience, adaptability, and the courage to pursue their dreams despite the barriers they encounter.

In creating attractive female characters, it is important to develop well-defined goals that resonate with readers. These goals should be significant, reflecting the character’s desires, passions, or ambitions. By providing strong opposition, whether from society, family, or internal conflicts, authors can generate tension and engage readers in the character’s journey.

Rebel Without a Cause?

However, it is crucial to note that an attractive female character does not necessarily require a rebellious or “bad-ass” attitude towards the law. What truly captivates readers is a character’s depth, authenticity, and relatability. Their strength lies not only in their defiance of societal norms but also in their vulnerability, growth, and the complexity of their emotions.

So, as writers, let us craft female characters with compelling goals and formidable opposition. Let us explore the depths of their resilience, determination, and inner strength as they navigate a world that seeks to confine them. By depicting their journeys with authenticity and nuance, we can create memorable characters that inspire and resonate with readers for generations to come.


Angels are for heaven, not this earthly realm.

Embracing the Flaws: Crafting Complex and Human Characters

In the realm of storytelling, it is the imperfections and flaws that truly make characters come alive. Whether they are angelic or mortal, male or female, the strengths and weaknesses inherent in being human are what shape their narratives and make them intriguingly flawed. It is through these imperfections that characters find their relatability, growth, and ultimately, their memorable qualities.

While angels may symbolize purity and perfection in the heavenly realm, it is the flaws and complexities of human characters that captivate readers on this earthly plane. By embracing and exploring these imperfections, we breathe authenticity and depth into our characters, making them relatable and compelling.

Balancing Flaws and Strengths

Every human, regardless of gender, possesses a unique blend of strengths and weaknesses. These attributes define their character and shape their actions and decisions. However, it is important to remember that relying too heavily on strengths can lead to downfall, just as weaknesses can be a source of growth and resilience.

Crafting interestingly flawed characters involves balancing their strengths and weaknesses, allowing both to shape their journey. Characters who solely rely on their strengths may encounter situations that expose their vulnerabilities, forcing them to confront their limitations and reevaluate their choices. Conversely, characters who begin with apparent weaknesses can find unexpected reserves of strength and overcome seemingly insurmountable obstacles.

Opportunities for Growth

Flawed characters offer opportunities for growth, transformation, and compelling storylines. Their imperfections create internal and external conflicts, driving the narrative forward and providing readers with a genuine and relatable experience. As writers, we can explore the intricate interplay between strengths and weaknesses, showcasing the complexities of the human condition.

By giving our characters space to evolve and learn from their mistakes, we create narratives that reflect the real-world journey of self-discovery. Characters who acknowledge and address their flaws can experience profound growth, connecting with readers who see aspects of themselves within these struggles and triumphs.

So, as we embark on the task of crafting engaging characters, let us embrace their imperfections. Let us delve into their strengths and weaknesses, exploring the intricate dance between these qualities. By presenting characters who are flawed, yet compelling, we offer readers a mirror to their own human experiences, encouraging empathy, introspection, and an enduring connection to the story being told.

Fears and Weaknesses

Overcoming weaknesses could be the making of a remarkable historical character, so don’t think to create a sassy heroine she has to be macho or fearless.

The most common fears for women are pretty much the same as they have always been. Which of these fears are you going to challenge your female historical characters with?

  • not getting married or finding a life partner,
  • not having kids or losing a child,
  • getting old, maimed, or scarred,
  • being killed or raped,
  • being trapped in a loveless relationship,
  • being abandoned
  • ending up in poverty or dying alone.

Unveiling the Stakes: Empowering Historical Heroines

In the realm of historical fiction, the fate that awaits our heroines adds an element of intrigue and urgency to their narratives. As skilled writers, we have the power to create mesmerizing characters who utilize their strengths, weaknesses, and ingenuity to save themselves from their impending and often dire destinies.

It’s a High Stakes Game

One crucial aspect of storytelling is ensuring that the reader is aware of the high stakes faced by our historical heroines. By clearly communicating the potential consequences of failure, we heighten the tension and engage the reader on a profound emotional level. Whether it is the threat of societal ruin, loss of loved ones, or personal tragedy, the weight of their fate hangs in the balance.

Mesmerizing historical characters understand the gravity of their situations and use every tool at their disposal to overcome the challenges they encounter. They tap into their strengths, leveraging their unique abilities, talents, and resilience to navigate treacherous paths. Simultaneously, they acknowledge their weaknesses, recognizing areas where they must grow or seek assistance.

Ingenuity becomes a valuable ally in their journey.

Ingenuity becomes a valuable ally in their journey. These characters think creatively, seeking unconventional solutions to seemingly insurmountable obstacles. Their resourcefulness, adaptability, and strategic thinking enable them to outmanoeuvre their adversaries and alter their destinies.

By portraying heroines who actively shape their own narratives, we empower readers with a sense of agency and inspire them to face their own challenges with determination and courage. Witnessing the transformation of historical heroines as they defy their horrible fates instils hope and fuels a deep connection between the reader and the character.

Getting the Balance Right

However, it is essential to strike a delicate balance in portraying their struggles. While the stakes may be high, it is equally important to depict moments of vulnerability and emotional resonance. Readers are captivated by the multifaceted nature of characters who showcase a range of emotions, as it mirrors their own humanity. These authentic portrayals add depth and relatability, fostering a stronger connection between the reader and the heroine.

In the realm of historical fiction, we have the power to breathe life into captivating heroines who defy their predetermined fates. By clearly establishing the stakes, showcasing their strengths and weaknesses, and highlighting their ingenuity, we create narratives that grip readers and transport them to the past. These heroines inspire, empower, and ignite the imagination, leaving an indelible mark on the hearts and minds of those who embark on their extraordinary journeys.


Not the Prettiest Girl in Town

Characters we come to love are not the prettiest girls in town or the girls who never lose their temper.

Embracing Imperfections:

Complex and Resilient Historical Heroines

A point often overlooked is that the most beloved characters in literature are not always the prettiest or the ones who never lose their temper. Instead, it is their complexity, unique traits, and relatable flaws that captivate readers and make them truly unforgettable.

Take J.K. Rowling’s Hermione Granger, for example. She is a know-it-all, fiercely intelligent, and unafraid to showcase her vast knowledge. Rowling said the character of Hermione has several autobiographical influences: “I did not set out to make Hermione like me but she is a bit like me. She is an exaggeration of how I was when I was younger.” She recalled being called a “little know-it-all” in her youth. And she says that not unlike herself, “there is a lot of insecurity and a great fear of failure” beneath Hermione’s swottiness. Finally, according to Rowling, next to Albus Dumbledore, Hermione is the perfect expository character; because of her encyclopedic knowledge, she can always be used as a plot dump to explain the Harry Potter universe. Rowling also states that her feminist conscience is rescued by Hermione, “who’s the brightest witch of her age” and a “very strong female character.”

Dorothy L. Sayers’ Harriet Vane, a gawky and unorthodox bluestocking, faces false accusations of murder, demonstrating her resilience and determination. Vane, a mystery writer, initially meets Lord Peter Wimsey while she is on trial for poisoning her lover (Strong Poison).

Louisa May Alcott’s Jo March possesses a fearful temper. Second oldest of the four sisters, Jo is boy-like, the smartest, most creative one in the family; her father has referred to her as his “son Jo,” and her best friend and neighbour, Theodore “Laurie” Laurence, sometimes calls her “my dear fellow.”

On balance, historical women, much like their fictional counterparts, were multifaceted individuals with their own pride, intellect, ambitions, and flaws. They experienced pain, harboured hatred towards certain individuals, and were susceptible to the wounds inflicted upon them by society.

Incorporating these authentic emotions and qualities into your historical female characters brings them to life. They become relatable, tangible figures who bleed when pricked, figuratively speaking. These heroines, despite their imperfections, possess strength, resilience, and an indomitable spirit that allow them to navigate the challenges of their time.

Getting the Right Male Protagonist

If your historical female character finds herself as the sidekick to an all-conquering male protagonist, it is entirely valid for her to feel peeved and occasionally disrupt the narrative. These moments of rebellion and disruption can add depth to her character, highlighting her desires for autonomy and recognition.

By embracing the complexities of historical heroines, we pay homage to the diverse experiences and struggles faced by women throughout history. We acknowledge their desires, dreams, and ambitions, while also recognizing the obstacles and limitations imposed upon them.

So, as writers, let us celebrate the imperfections and complexities of our historical heroines. Let us create multidimensional characters who embody pride, intellect, and ambition, while also allowing them to experience a range of emotions and confront the injustices of their time. By doing so, we empower these characters and offer readers a rich tapestry of resilience, determination, and the indomitable spirit of women throughout history.


Unleashing the Unexpected: Surprising Character Journeys

As writers, one of the joys of storytelling is allowing our characters to surprise us and, in turn, surprise themselves. By turning the tables, flipping expectations, and making the seemingly impossible possible, we create narratives that captivate and engage readers.

In the creative process, it is essential to give our characters the space to grow, evolve, and challenge their own limits. We can achieve this by presenting them with unexpected situations, encouraging them to step outside their comfort zones and explore uncharted territory.

By letting our characters find their courage, they can overcome obstacles they never thought possible. This growth may emerge from fortuitous mistakes or taking advice that seems questionable at first. These moments of experimentation and risk-taking can lead to new perspectives, personal growth, and surprising triumphs.

However, on the negative side, growth often comes hand in hand with painful lessons. Our characters may be confronted by their own hypocrisy or face the consequences of their own actions. These moments of reckoning provide opportunities for introspection, self-reflection, and character development.

As the narrative unfolds, characters may stumble upon secrets that grant them power over others. This newfound knowledge can test their morality, leading them into temptation and challenging their integrity. How they handle these temptations reveals aspects of their character and provides rich opportunities for exploration.

By allowing our characters to surprise themselves, we create a sense of authenticity and depth. Just like real people, they are complex beings who navigate their own journeys of self-discovery. Through their choices and actions, they reveal their true nature and uncover hidden strengths and vulnerabilities.

As writers, we are guides and witnesses to these character transformations. We set the stage, present the challenges, and watch as our characters navigate their paths. By relinquishing control to some extent and allowing the characters to surprise us, we create narratives that are dynamic, unpredictable, and resonate deeply with readers.

So, let us embrace the unexpected in our storytelling. Lead our characters into uncharted territory, challenge their beliefs, and watch as they evolve and surprise themselves. By doing so, we create narratives that are vibrant, authentic, and reflect the rich tapestry of the human experience.


About the Author

Julia Herdman’s historical fiction novel, Sinclair is a captivating story set in the late 18th century, with strong female leads and themes of love, loss, redemption, and personal growth. The backdrop of 18th-century London, with its stark contrasts between the rich and the poor, adds depth and richness to the narrative. The book immerses readers in a world where compassion and kindness coexist with ambition, conflict, and temptation.

Through the experiences of the prodigal son, James Sinclair, who undergoes a transformative journey after a shipwreck, the novel explores themes of remorse, restitution, and recovery. The twists and tragedies encountered by the characters further enhance the depth of the story.

Sinclair offers readers a glimpse into the society and challenges of the 18th century while leaving them with a sense of fulfilment and positivity. It is a testament to the human spirit and the possibilities for growth and redemption that exist within us all.

Sinclair by Julia Herdman is available on Amazon.

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For more tips on writing see:

Six Rules for Writing Historical Fiction

The Present Past – Writing History

10 Things That Turn a Character Bad

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How to Write Historical Fiction